Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Warrant Liability

v3.5.0.2
Warrant Liability
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Warrant Liability [Abstract]  
Warrant Liability Disclosure [Text Block]
6. Warrant Liability
 
We currently have outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 983,395 shares of common stock (“Series A Warrants”). The Series A Warrants are exercisable at $4.89 per share and expire in April 2018.  The Series A Warrants contain a provision where the warrant holder has the option to receive cash, equal to the Black Scholes fair value of the remaining unexercised portion of the warrant, as cash settlement in the event that there is a fundamental transaction (contractually defined to include various merger, acquisition or stock transfer activities). Due to this provision, ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity requires that these warrants be classified as liabilities. The fair values of these warrants have been determined using the Lattice valuation model, and the changes in the fair value are recorded in the Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Lattice model provides for assumptions regarding volatility and risk-free interest rates within the total period to maturity.   
 
The key assumptions used to value the Series A Warrants were as follows:
 
Assumption
 
September 30,
2016
 
Expected price volatility
 
 
66
%
Expected term (in years)
 
 
1.52
 
Risk-free interest rate
 
 
0.68
%
Dividend yield
 
 
0.00
%
Weighted-average fair value of warrants
 
$
1.58
 
 
In October 2014, we completed an underwritten public offering (the “2014 Offering”) of units consisting of one share of common stock and 0.75 of a warrant (“Class A Warrant”). The Class A Warrants entitle the holders thereof to purchase an aggregate of 2,863,643 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.30 per share and expire in October 2020.  There were 847,569 Class A Warrants outstanding at September 30, 2016.
 
We agreed to hold a stockholders meeting no later than August 31, 2015 in order to seek stockholder approval for an amendment to our certificate of incorporation to either (i) increase the number of shares of common stock we are authorized to issue or (ii) effect a reverse split of the common stock, in either case in an amount sufficient to permit the exercise in full of the Class A Warrants in accordance with their terms. Failure to effect an increase in our authorized shares of common stock or effect a reverse split of our common stock prior to October 9, 2015 would have required us to pay liquidated damages in the aggregate amount of $2,500,000. In September 2015, we effected a 1-for-5.5 reverse split of our common stock (the “Reverse Split”), which was within the range approved by our stockholders at the annual meeting held on August 24, 2015.
 
We also agreed to issue to the underwriter of the 2014 Offering warrants to purchase 114,546 shares of common stock (the “Underwriter Warrants”). The Underwriter Warrants have an exercise price per share of $3.30 and may be exercised on a cashless basis. The Underwriter Warrants are not redeemable by us. The Underwriter Warrants are substantially the same as the Class A Warrants included in the units except that they expire in October 2019.
 
At the time these warrants were issued, we did not have adequate authorized and unissued shares of common stock to be able to satisfy the exercise of these warrants. ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity required that these warrants be classified as liabilities. The fair values of these warrants have been determined using the Lattice valuation model, and the changes in the fair value are recorded in the Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Lattice model provides for assumptions regarding volatility and risk-free interest rates within the total period to maturity. On September 29, 2015, we effected the Reverse Split, which will permit the exercise in full of the Class A Warrants in accordance with their terms and, accordingly, the associated warrant liability was reclassified to stockholders’ equity.