UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x     Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014.

or

¨     Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Transition Period From                    to                    

Commission file number 000-27436

Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

400 Oyster Point Blvd., Suite 505, South San Francisco, California 94080

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)

(650) 244-4990

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   x    No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   x    No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨    No   x

There were 89,052,722 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock issued and outstanding on May 7, 2014.

Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Index to Form 10-Q

Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands)

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(in thousands, except per share amount)

(unaudited)

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

TITAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The Company

We are a specialty pharmaceutical company developing proprietary therapeutics for the treatment of serious medical disorders. Our product development programs focus primarily on important pharmaceutical markets with significant unmet medical needs and commercial potential. We are directly developing our product candidates and also utilize corporate, academic and government partnerships as appropriate. Such collaborations have helped to fund product development and have enabled us to retain significant economic interest in our products. We operate in only one business segment, the development of pharmaceutical products.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statement presentation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2014, or any future interim periods.

The balance sheet at December 31, 2013 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. At March 31, 2014, we had cash of approximately $10.2 million, which we believe is sufficient to fund our planned operations into April 2015.

Our efforts since receipt of the Complete Response letter (the “CRL”) to the Probuphine New Drug Application (“NDA”) on April 30, 2013 have focused on working with Titan’s partner, Braeburn Pharmaceuticals Sprl (“Braeburn”), a team of expert clinical and regulatory advisors and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) to establish a path forward for potential resubmission of the the “NDA” with the additional information requested by the FDA.

The FDA has recently provided clear guidance on the full clinical study protocol of Probuphine®, the company’s investigational subdermal implant for the maintenance treatment of opioid dependence. The study, which was submitted for FDA review in mid-March by Braeburn, is expected to begin enrollment by mid-year 2014, and study completion is anticipated by the middle of 2015. The clinical study is a randomized, double blind, double dummy design that is expected to enroll approximately 180 patients into two parallel treatment arms. The study population will be clinically stable patients who are receiving maintenance treatment with an approved sublingual formulation containing buprenorphine at a daily dose of 8mg or less. Patients will be randomized to receive either four Probuphine implants, or to continue the daily sublingual buprenorphine therapy. The patients are expected to be treated for six months, and the primary analysis will be a non-inferiority comparison of responders in the two arms. Updates on the progress of the study will be provided periodically.

Although Braeburn is proceeding with plans for commencing the clinical study expeditiously, under our December 2012 license agreement with Braeburn, as amended (the “Agreement”), Braeburn currently has the technical right to terminate the Agreement. If Braeburn were to exercise its right to terminate the Agreement, we would not have sufficient funds available to us to complete the FDA regulatory process and, in the event of ultimate approval, commercialize Probuphine without raising additional capital. If we are unable to complete a debt or equity offering, or otherwise obtain sufficient financing in such event, our business and prospects would be materially adversely impacted. Furthermore, in light of the reduced $15 million milestone payment payable to us under the Third Amendment if the FDA ultimately approves Probuphine, we may be unable to advance our current Parkinson’s disease development program to later stage clinical studies and will not be able to pursue any additional programs beyond the very initial stages without obtaining additional financing, either through the sale of debt or equity securities, a corporate partnership or otherwise. We cannot assure you that the financing we need will be available on acceptable terms.

Revenue Recognition

We generate revenue principally from collaborative research and development arrangements, technology licenses, and government grants. Consideration received for revenue arrangements with multiple components is allocated among the separate units of accounting based on their respective selling prices. The selling price for each unit is based on vendor-specific objective evidence, or VSOE, if available, third party evidence if VSOE is not available, or estimated selling price if neither VSOE nor third party evidence is available. The applicable revenue recognition criteria are then applied to each of the units.

Revenue is recognized when the four basic criteria of revenue recognition are met: (1) a contractual agreement exists; (2) transfer of technology has been completed or services have been rendered; (3) the fee is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. For each source of revenue, we comply with the above revenue recognition criteria in the following manner:

Research and Development Costs and Related Accrual

Research and development expenses include internal and external costs. Internal costs include salaries and employment related expenses, facility costs, administrative expenses and allocations of corporate costs. External expenses consist of costs associated with outsourced clinical research organization activities, sponsored research studies, product registration, patent application and prosecution, and investigator sponsored trials. We also record accruals for estimated ongoing clinical trial costs. Clinical trial costs represent costs incurred by clinical research organizations (“CROs”) and clinical sites. These costs are recorded as a component of research and development expenses. Under our agreements, progress payments are typically made to investigators, clinical sites and CROs. We analyze the progress of the clinical trials, including levels of patient enrollment, invoices received and contracted costs when evaluating the adequacy of accrued liabilities. Significant judgments and estimates must be made and used in determining the accrued balance in any accounting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions. Revisions are charged to expense in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists, providing guidance on the presentation of unrecognized tax benefits in the financial statements as either a reduction to a deferred tax asset or either a liability to better reflect the manner in which an entity would settle at the reporting date any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position when net operating loss carryforwards, similar tax losses or tax credit carryforwards exist. The amendments in this ASU do not require new recurring disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The amendments in this ASU should be applied prospectively to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. The adoption of the amendments in this ASU did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

Subsequent Events

We have evaluated events that have occurred after March 31, 2014 and through the date that the financial statements are issued.

Fair Value Measurements

We measure the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on authoritative guidance which defines fair value, establishes a framework consisting of three levels for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable;

Level 3 – inputs that are unobservable (for example cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).

Financial instruments, including cash, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are carried at cost, which we believe approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Our warrant liabilities are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the value is calculated using significant judgment based on our own assumptions in the valuation of these liabilities.

As a result of the fair value adjustment of the warrant liabilities, we recorded a non-cash loss on an increase in the fair value of $0.9 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, in our Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 8, “Warrant Liability” for further discussion on the calculation of the fair value of the warrant liabilities.

2. Stock Plans

The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense recorded for awards under the stock option plans for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:

No tax benefit was recognized related to stock-based compensation expense since we have incurred operating losses and we have established a full valuation allowance to offset all the potential tax benefits associated with our deferred tax assets.

We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model with the following assumptions to estimate the stock-based compensation expense for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:

Options to purchase 275,000 common shares were granted during the three month period ended March 31, 2014. No options were granted during the three month period ended March 31, 2013.

The following table summarizes option activity for the three month period ended March 31, 2014:

The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the three month period ended March 31, 2014:

617,000 shares of restricted stock were awarded to employees, directors and consultants during the three month period ended March 31, 2014.

As of March 31, 2014, there was approximately $181,000 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.9 years.

3. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share excludes the effect of dilution and is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue shares were exercised into shares. In calculating diluted net income (loss) per share, the numerator is adjusted for the change in the fair value of the warrant liability (only if dilutive) and the denominator is increased to include the number of potentially dilutive common shares assumed to be outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method.

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013: 

The table below presents common shares underlying stock options and warrants that are excluded from the calculation of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding used for the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per common share. These are excluded from the calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:

4. Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income and loss for the periods presented is comprised solely of our net income and loss. We had no items of other comprehensive income (loss) during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. Comprehensive loss for the three-month period ended March 31, 2014 was $1.8 million. Comprehensive income for the three-month period ended March 31, 2013 was $6.0 million.

5. Braeburn License

In December 2012, we entered into the Agreement with Braeburn granting Braeburn exclusive commercialization rights to Probuphine in the United States and its territories, including Puerto Rico, and Canada. As part of the Agreement, we received a non-refundable up-front license fee of $15.75 million (approximately $15.0 million, net of expenses), and would have received $45.0 million upon approval by the FDA of the NDA as well as up to an additional $130.0 million upon achievement of specified sales milestones and up to $35.0 million in regulatory milestones for additional indications, including chronic pain. We would have received tiered royalties on net sales of Probuphine ranging from the mid-teens to the low twenties.

On May 28, 2013, we entered into the Amendment to the Agreement primarily to modify certain of the termination provisions of the Agreement. The Amendment gives Braeburn the right to terminate the Agreement in the event that (A) after May 28, 2013, based on written or oral communications from or with the FDA, Braeburn reasonably determines either that the FDA will require significant development to be performed before approval of the Probuphine™ NDA can be given, such as, but not limited to, one or more additional controlled clinical studies with a clinical efficacy endpoint, or substantial post-approval commitments that may materially impact the product’s financial returns or that the FDA will require one or more changes in the proposed label, which change(s) Braeburn reasonably determines will materially reduce the authorized prescribed patient base, or (B) the NDA has not been approved by the FDA on or before June 30, 2014. The Amendment also provides that we will share in legal and consulting expenses in excess of a specified amount prior to approval of the NDA.

On July 2, 2013, we entered into the Second Amendment to the Agreement primarily to establish and provide the parameters for a committee comprised of representatives of Titan and Braeburn responsible for and with the authority to make all decisions regarding the development and implementation of a strategic plan to seek approval from the FDA of Probuphine® for subdermal use in the maintenance treatment of adult patients with opioid dependence, including development of the strategy for all written and oral communications with the FDA. The Second Amendment also makes Braeburn the primary contact for FDA communications regarding the Probuphine NDA.

On November 12, 2013, we entered into the stock purchase agreement pursuant to which Braeburn made a $5 million equity investment in our company and the Third Amendment primarily to modify the amount and timing of the approval and sales milestone payments payable under the Agreement. Under the Third Amendment, we are entitled to receive a $15 million payment upon FDA approval of the NDA, up to $165 million in sales milestones and $35 million in regulatory milestones.  We are entitled to receive a tiered royalty in the mid-teens to low twenties on all net sales of Probuphine. In addition, we are entitled to receive a low single digit royalty on sales by Braeburn, if any, of other continuous delivery treatments for opioid dependence as defined in the Third Amendment and can elect to receive a low single digit royalty on sales by Braeburn, if any, of other products in the addiction market in exchange for a similar reduction in our royalties on Probuphine.

6. Commitments and Contingencies

Financing Agreements

On March 15, 2011, we entered into several agreements with Deerfield, including a facility agreement (the “Facility Agreement”), pursuant to which we issued Deerfield promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million. The long-term debt bore interest at 8.5% per annum, payable quarterly, and was originally repayable over five years, with 10% of the principal amount due on the first anniversary, 15% due on the second anniversary, and 25% due on each of the next three anniversaries. In connection with the Facility Agreement, we issued Deerfield six-year warrants (the “Deerfield Warrants”) to purchase 6,000,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.57 per share. See Note 8, “Warrant Liability” for further discussion. As a result of our April 2012 sale of equity, and pursuant to the terms of the Deerfield Warrants, the exercise price of the Deerfield Warrants was adjusted to $1.25 per share. We also entered into a royalty agreement with Deerfield (the “Royalty Agreement”) in exchange for $3.0 million. See Note 7, “Royalty Liability” for further discussion.

We recorded the promissory notes with an aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million at its face value less a note discount consisting of (i) $3.0 million cash discount, (ii) a $500,000 loan fee, and (iii) the $5.5 million fair value of the associated warrants. The note discount totaling $9.0 million was amortized using the interest method.

On November 14, 2011, we entered into several agreements with Deerfield pursuant to which we agreed to pay a substantial portion of the remaining future royalties on the sales of Fanapt to Deerfield in exchange for $5.0 million in cash that was recorded as royalty liability (see Note 7, “Royalty Liability” for further discussion), a $10.0 million reduction in the principal amount owed to Deerfield under the existing facility agreement and a revised principal repayment schedule of $2.5 million per year for four years commencing in April 2013 to retire the remaining long-term debt of $10.0 million. We evaluated the November 2011 principal reduction and other amendments to the $20.0 million facility agreement and determined that the modifications should be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring on a prospective basis. As a result, we recognized the difference between the carrying value of the long-term debt and the total required future principal and interest payments as interest expense over the remaining term using the interest method.

On February 6, 2013, the facility agreement was amended to provide that the exercise price of the Deerfield Warrants could be satisfied through a reduction in the principal amount of our outstanding indebtedness to Deerfield. In February and March 2013, Deerfield exercised all of the Deerfield Warrants resulting in a reduction of our outstanding indebtedness to Deerfield of $7.5 million and, accordingly, cancellation of our obligation to make the 2014, 2015 and 2016 installment payments under the Facility Agreement. This resulted in a gain of $1.9 million which was recorded in Other Income (Expense). On April 1, 2013, we made the final principal payment of $2.5 million under the facility agreement.

Royalty Payments

In 1997, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with Sanofi-Aventis SA (formerly Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc.). The agreement gave us a worldwide license to the patent rights and know-how related to the antipsychotic agent Fanapt (iloperidone), including the ability to develop, use, sublicense, manufacture and sell products and processes claimed in the patent rights. Upon commercialization of the product, the license agreement provides that we will pay royalties based on net sales. Net sales of Fanapt by Novartis during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 were approximately $17.3 million and $17.8 million, respectively, and we were obligated to pay royalties of approximately $2.6 million and $3.1 million to Sanofi-Aventis on March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which were included in Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable on the Condensed Balance Sheets.

Legal Proceedings

There are no ongoing legal proceedings against our company.

7. Royalty Liability

On March 15, 2011, under the royalty agreement with Deerfield, in exchange for $3.0 million that was recorded as royalty liability, we agreed to pay Deerfield 2.5% of the net sales of Fanapt, constituting a portion of the royalty revenue that we are entitled to under our sublicense agreement with Novartis. The agreements with Deerfield also provided us with the option to repurchase the royalty rights for $40.0 million.

The $3.0 million received under the royalty agreement was recorded as a royalty liability in accordance with the appropriate accounting guidance as the related agreement includes a provision which allowed us to repurchase the royalty rights from Deerfield through a payment of a lump sum. Interest on the royalty liability was recognized using the interest method based on the estimated future royalties expected to be paid under the Royalty Agreement.

Under the November 14, 2011 amended and restated royalty agreement, in exchange for an additional $5.0 million royalty liability, Deerfield is entitled to our portion of the royalties on Fanapt (5.5% to 7.5% of net sales, net of the 2.5% previously agreed to have been provided to Deerfield) up to specified threshold levels of net sales of Fanapt and 40% of the royalties above the threshold level. We retain 60% of the royalties on net sales of Fanapt above the threshold levels. The $5.0 million received was recorded as a royalty liability in accordance with the appropriate accounting guidance as the related agreement included a provision which allowed us to repurchase the royalty rights from Deerfield through a payment of a lump sum. Interest on this royalty obligation was recognized using the interest method based on the estimated future royalties expected to be paid under the royalty agreement.

On March 28, 2013, we amended the agreements with Deerfield terminating our option to repurchase the royalty rights. As a result, we recognized a gain on the extinguishment of the royalty liability of approximately $9.0 million, which was recorded in other income, because we are no longer required to account for it as a liability. Additionally, we will no longer recognize royalty income related to the Fanapt royalty payments received from Novartis unless Fanapt sales exceed certain thresholds.

8. Warrant Liability

On March 15, 2011, in connection with the Facility Agreement, we issued Deerfield six-year warrants to purchase 6,000,000 shares of our common stock at an initial exercise price of $1.57 per share. As a result of our April 2012 sale of equity, and pursuant to the terms of the Deerfield Warrants, the exercise price of the Deerfield Warrants was adjusted to $1.25 per share. The Deerfield Warrants expire on March 15, 2017. The Deerfield Warrants contain a provision where the warrant holder has the option to receive cash, equal to the Black-Scholes fair value of the remaining unexercised portion of the warrant, as cash settlement in the event that there is a fundamental transaction (contractually defined to include various merger, acquisition or stock transfer activities). Due to this provision, ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity requires that these warrants be classified as liabilities. The fair values of these warrants have been determined using the Binomial Lattice (“Lattice”) valuation model, and the changes in the fair value are recorded in the Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Lattice model provides for assumptions regarding volatility and risk-free interest rates within the total period to maturity.

On February 6, 2013, the Facility Agreement was amended to provide that the exercise price of the Deerfield Warrants could be satisfied through a reduction in the principal amount of our outstanding indebtedness to Deerfield. In February and March 2013, Deerfield exercised all of the Deerfield Warrants resulting in a $7.5 million reduction in the amount owed to Deerfield. See Note 6. “Commitments and Contingencies” for further discussion.

On April 9, 2012, in connection with subscription agreements with certain institutional investors for the purchase and sale of 6,517,648 shares of our common stock, we issued (i) six-year warrants (“Series A Warrants”) to purchase 6,517,648 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.15 per share and (ii) six-month warrants (“Series B Warrants”) to purchase 6,517,648 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.85 per share. The Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants contain a provision where the warrant holder has the option to receive cash, equal to the Black Scholes fair value of the remaining unexercised portion of the warrant, as cash settlement in the event that there is a fundamental transaction (contractually defined to include various merger, acquisition or stock transfer activities). Due to this provision, ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity requires that these warrants be classified as liabilities. The fair values of these warrants have been determined using the Lattice valuation model, and the changes in the fair value are recorded in the Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The Lattice model provides for assumptions regarding volatility and risk-free interest rates within the total period to maturity.

In September and October 2012, Series B Warrants to purchase 5,761,765 shares of common stock were exercised at a price of $0.85 per share. The remaining Series B Warrants to purchase 755,883 shares of common stock expired in October 2012.

In January and March 2013, Series A Warrants to purchase 1,109,010 shares of common stock were exercised resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $1,275,000. The remaining Series A Warrants to purchase 5,408,638 shares of common stock will expire in April 2018.

The key assumptions used to value the Series A Warrants were as follows:

9. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

In November 2013, we entered into a stock purchase agreement with Braeburn pursuant to which we sold 6,250,000 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $5.0 million, or $0.80 per share.

In April 2013, 144,499 shares of common stock were issued to a former lender upon the cashless net exercise of 287,356 warrants in accordance with the terms of the warrants.

In January and March 2013, Series A Warrants to purchase 1,109,010 shares of common stock were exercised resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $1,275,000.

On February 6, 2013, the facility agreement with Deerfield was amended to provide that the exercise price of the Deerfield Warrants could be satisfied through a reduction in the principal amount of our outstanding indebtedness to Deerfield. In February and March 2013, Deerfield exercised the 6,000,000 Deerfield Warrants resulting in a $7.5 million reduction in the amount owed to Deerfield.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Such statements include, but are not limited to, any statements relating to our product development programs and any other statements that are not historical facts. Such statements involve risks and uncertainties that could negatively affect our business, operating results, financial condition and stock price. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from management’s current expectations include those risks and uncertainties relating to the regulatory approval process, the development, testing, production and marketing of our drug candidates, patent and intellectual property matters and strategic agreements and relationships. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations or any changes in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based, except as required by law.

Probuphine® and ProNeura™ are trademarks of Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. This Form 10-Q also includes trade names and trademarks of companies other than Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

References herein to “we,” “us,” “Titan,” and “our company” refer to Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context otherwise requires.

Overview

We are a specialty pharmaceutical company developing proprietary therapeutics for the treatment of serious medical disorders. Our product development programs focus primarily on important pharmaceutical markets with significant unmet medical needs and commercial potential. We are directly developing our product candidates and also utilize corporate, academic and government partnerships as appropriate. Such collaborations have helped to fund product development and have enabled us to retain significant economic interest in our products.

Our principal asset is Probuphine®, the first slow release implant formulation of buprenorphine in development for the long term maintenance treatment of opioid dependence. It is designed to maintain a stable, around the clock blood level of the medicine in patients for six months following a single treatment. Upon completion of the Phase 3 clinical studies of Probuphine, we participated in a pre-NDA meeting with the FDA, and subsequently prepared and submitted the NDA in October 2012. On April 30, 2013, the FDA issued a CRL to our NDA stating that it cannot approve the application in its present form and outlining the FDA’s request for additional clinical data demonstrating adequate clinical benefit to patients from this treatment, data from human factors testing of the training program for insertion and removal of the implants, as well as recommendations regarding product labeling, Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (“REMS”) and non-clinical safety data.

Our efforts since receipt of the CRL have focused on working with Braeburn, a team of expert clinical and regulatory advisors and the FDA to establish a path forward for potential resubmission of the NDA with the additional information requested by the FDA. Following a meeting with the FDA on November 19, 2013 and subsequent communications, the FDA has provided clear guidance on a path forward, which along with other steps includes conducting an additional clinical study that is designed to provide a non-inferiority comparison of treatment with a dose of four Probuphine implants in stable patients undergoing maintenance treatment with 8mg or less per day of an FDA approved sublingual formulation of buprenorphine. Patient enrollment in this 180 patient clinical study is expected to begin in mid-2014 and study completion is anticipated by the middle of 2015.

Pursuant to the Agreement with Braeburn, as amended to date, we are entitled to receive a $15 million milestone payment upon FDA approval of the Probuphine NDA and royalties on net sales ranging from the mid-teens to the low twenties. The Agreement also provides for up to $165 million in sales milestones and $35 million in regulatory milestones and entitles us to low single digit royalties on sales by Braeburn, if any, of other future products in the addiction market.

Probuphine is the first product to utilize ProNeura™, our novel, proprietary, continuous drug delivery technology. Our ProNeura technology has the potential to be used in developing products for the treatment of other chronic conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease, where maintaining stable, around the clock blood levels of a dopamine agonist may benefit the patient and improve medical outcomes. We are currently evaluating drugs and disease settings for opportunities to develop this drug delivery technology for other potential treatment applications in situations where conventional treatment is limited by variability in blood drug levels and poor patient compliance. We do not currently have the financial resources to pursue these research and development programs beyond an initial stage and are dependent on our ability to secure the requisite financing, either through payments from Braeburn under the Agreement in the event the Probuphine NDA is ultimately approved or through other arrangements.

We operate in only one business segment, the development of pharmaceutical products.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information on recent accounting pronouncements.

Results of Operations for the three months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013

License revenues of approximately $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 reflect the amortization of the upfront license fee received from Braeburn in December 2012. We recognized no net royalty revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to $1.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013 reflecting royalties paid on sales of Fanapt, all of which were paid to Deerfield in accordance with our royalty sales agreement. Beginning April 2013, we no longer recognize Fanapt royalty revenues since all of such royalties are paid to third parties. We generated no grant revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

Research and development expenses for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 were approximately $1.0 million, compared to approximately $3.9 million for the comparable period in 2013, a decrease of approximately $2.9 million, or 74%. The decrease in research and development costs was primarily associated with a decrease in external research and development expenses related to completion of the product development program and preparation and review of the NDA for our Probuphine product with the FDA. During the three month period ended March 31, 2014, external research and development expenses relating to our Probuphine product development program were approximately $0.1 million. Other research and development expenses include internal operating costs such as clinical research and development personnel-related expenses, clinical trials related travel expenses, and allocation of facility and corporate costs. As a result of the risks and uncertainties inherently associated with pharmaceutical research and development activities described elsewhere in this report, we are unable to estimate the specific timing and future costs of our clinical development programs or the timing of material cash inflows, if any, from our product candidates.

General and administrative expenses for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 were approximately $0.9 million, compared to approximately $1.1 million for the comparable period in 2013, a decrease of approximately $0.2 million, or 18%. The decrease in general and administrative expenses during the three month period ended March 31, 2014 was primarily related to decreases in legal fees of approximately $0.1 million, and other expenses of approximately $0.1 million.

Net other expense for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 was approximately $0.9 million, consisting primarily of non-cash losses on changes in the fair value of warrants. Net other income during the comparable period in 2013 was approximately $5.8 million, consisting primarily of approximately $9.0 million in other income generated by the termination of Titan’s royalty repurchase agreement with Deerfield and an approximately $1.9 million gain resulting from the settlement of indebtedness to Deerfield as a result of the exercise of all of the Deerfield Warrants, which amounts were offset in part by interest expense of approximately $1.6 million related to the Deerfield loans, non-cash losses on changes in the fair value of warrants of approximately $3.0 million and approximately $0.5 million in other expenses related to unamortized transaction fees related to the initial Deerfield debt transaction.

Our net loss for the three month period ended March 31, 2014 was approximately $1.8 million, or approximately $0.02 per share, compared to our net income of approximately $6.0 million, or approximately $0.08 per share, for the comparable period in 2013.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded our operations since inception primarily through the sale of our securities and the issuance of debt, as well as with proceeds from warrant and option exercises, corporate licensing and collaborative agreements, and government-sponsored research grants. At March 31, 2014, we had working capital of approximately $5.4 million compared to working capital of approximately $6.0 million at December 31, 2013.

Our operating activities used approximately $1.6 million during the three-months ended March 31, 2014. This consisted primarily of the net loss for the period of approximately $1.8 million and $1.0 million related to net changes in other operating assets and liabilities. This was offset in part by, non-cash charges of approximately $0.3 million related to share-based compensation expenses, approximately $0.9 million related to non-cash losses resulting from changes in the fair value of warrants and approximately $0.1 million related to depreciation and amortization. Uses of cash in operating activities were primarily to fund product development programs and administrative expenses. Our license agreement with Sanofi-Aventis requires us to pay royalties on future product sales.

Net cash used in investing activities of approximately $2,000 during the three months ended March 31. 2014 was primarily related to purchases of equipment.

We had no financing activities during the three months ended March 31. 2014.

In March 2011, we entered into several agreements with entities affiliated with Deerfield pursuant to which Deerfield agreed to provide $20.0 million in funding to us. Pursuant to the terms of The Facility Agreement, we issued Deerfield 8.5% promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million. We paid Deerfield a facility fee of $0.5 million and issued them the Deerfield Warrants to purchase 6,000,000 shares of our common stock. Under a royalty agreement, in exchange for $3.0 million that was recorded as royalty liability, we agreed to pay Deerfield 2.5% of the aggregate royalties on net sales of Fanapt, subsequent to the funding date, constituting a portion of the royalty revenue we receive from Novartis. The agreements with Deerfield also provided us with the option to repurchase the royalty rights for $40.0 million.

In November 2011, we entered into several agreements with Deerfield pursuant to which we agreed to pay them a substantial portion of the remaining future royalties on the sales of Fanapt in exchange for $5.0 million in cash that was recorded as royalty liability, a $10.0 million reduction in the principal amount owed to Deerfield under the existing facility agreement and a revised principal repayment schedule of $2.5 million per year for four years commencing in April 2013 to retire the remaining long-term debt of $10.0 million. Deerfield is entitled to the balance of our portion of the royalties on Fanapt (5.5% to 7.5% of net sales, net of the 2.5% we previously agreed to pay to Deerfield) up to specified threshold levels of net sales of Fanapt and 40% of the royalties above the threshold level.

In February 2013, we amended the terms of the Deerfield Warrants to permit payment of the exercise price through the reduction of the outstanding loan. In February and March 2013, Deerfield exercised all of the Deerfield Warrants resulting in a $7.5 million reduction of our outstanding indebtedness. In April 2013, we made the last $2.5 million installment payment and our debt obligation to Deerfield was satisfied in full.

In March 2013, we amended the agreements with Deerfield terminating our option to repurchase the royalty rights. As a result, we recognized a gain on the extinguishment of the royalty liability of $9.0 million, which was recorded in other income, because we are no longer required to account for it as a liability. Additionally, we no longer recognize royalty income related to the Fanapt royalty payments received from Novartis.

In November 2013, we entered into a stock purchase agreement pursuant to which Braeburn made a $5.0 million equity investment in our company and the Third Amendment primarily to modify the amount and timing of the approval and sales milestone payments payable under the Agreement.

At March 31, 2014, we had cash of approximately $10.2 million, which we believe is sufficient to fund our planned operations into April 2015.

Although Braeburn is proceeding with plans for commencing the clinical study expeditiously, under our December 2012 license agreement with Braeburn, as amended, Braeburn currently has the technical right to terminate the Agreement. If Braeburn were to exercise its right to terminate the Agreement, we would not have sufficient funds available to us to complete the FDA regulatory process and, in the event of ultimate approval, commercialize Probuphine without raising additional capital. If we are unable to complete a debt or equity offering, or otherwise obtain sufficient financing in such event, our business and prospects would be materially adversely impacted. Furthermore, in light of the reduced $15 million milestone payment payable to us under the Third Amendment if the FDA ultimately approves Probuphine, we may be unable to advance our current Parkinson’s disease development program to later stage clinical studies and will not be able to pursue any additional programs beyond the very initial stages without obtaining additional financing, either through the sale of debt or equity securities, a corporate partnership or otherwise. We cannot assure you that the financing we need will be available on acceptable terms.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our market risk disclosures set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 have not changed materially.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our President, being our principal executive and financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of March 31, 2014, the end of the period covered by this report, and has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and principal financial officer as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the three months ended March 31, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Titan’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

Item 5. Exhibits

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.